Bayer Makrolon Polycarbonate materials offer a unique balance of useful features which include temperature resistance, impact resistance and optical properties position polycarbonates in between commodity plastics and engineering materials.
Polycarbonate is a very sturdy material. Even though it offers considerable impact-resistance, it has a lower scratch-resistance and thus a hard coating is applied to polycarbonate eyewear and polycarbonate exterior vehicle components. The characteristics relating to polycarbonate tend to be comparable to those of Acrylic PMMA materials, except polycarbonate is stronger, it is usable in a wider temperature range and is a bit more expensive. This plastic polymer is highly transparent to visible light and it has better light transmission characteristics than most grades of glass.
Polycarbonate has a glass transition temperature of about 150 °C (302 °F), so it softens gradually above this point and flows above about 300°C (572 °F). Tools should be held at higher temperatures, generally above 80 °C (176 °F) in order to make strain- and stress-free products.
Unlike most other thermoplastics, polycarbonate can undergo massive changes in basic shape without breaking or cracking. For this reason, it is sometimes processed and formed at room temperature using standard sheet metal techniques, such as forming bends on a brake. Even for sharp angle bends having a tight radius, no heating is usually necessary. This makes it useful for prototyping applications where transparent or electrically non-conductive parts are required, which should not be produced from sheet metal. Understand that PMMA/Plexiglas, that is certainly similar in appearance to polycarbonate, but it is brittle and can't be bent with out a heating process.
Polycarbonate is frequently used in eye protection, in addition to other projectile-resistant see through applications that would normally be thought of as requiring the use of glass, but require higher impact-resistance. Many different types of lenses are made of polycarbonate, including automotive headlamp lenses, lighting lenses, sunglass/eyeglass lenses, swimming and SCUBA goggles, and safety glasses for use in sporting helmets/masks and police riot gear. Windscreens in small motorized vehicles are commonly crafted from polycarbonate, such as for motorcycles, ATVs, golf carts, and small planes and helicopters.
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